https://elibrary.khec.edu.np/handle/123456789/164 2026-07-17T04:30:08Z https://elibrary.khec.edu.np/handle/123456789/172 Title: TOWARDS FOOD SECURITY THROUGH ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK Authors: Phaiju, Pratibha Abstract: Abstract The detection of plant disease is a very important factor to prevent serious outbreak. The Outbreak of disease in paddy plant could cause severe losses in yield leading to insecurity of food security. To achieve automatic diagnosis of paddy disease this research aims to develop a system for detection of Blast disease in paddy leaf. The disease identification is achieved through Image Processing technique and Back Propagation Neural Network. Features of images are extracted through binning pixels into eight Attribute Bins. Training of Neural Network is achieved by feed forwarding these features to neural network. The error generated is back propagated in order to adjust the weights of neural network. Images of the diseased leaves are identified with accuracy. Thus fast and accurate diagnosis of paddy disease could timely control outbreak leading the path towards ensuring food security. This research could be enhanced through implementation of Deep Learning Neural Network, further contributing the Smart Agriculture 2019-04-01T00:00:00Z https://elibrary.khec.edu.np/handle/123456789/171 Title: THE CURRENT STATUS OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND WATER QUALITY OF SUNDARIJAL RESERVOIR Authors: Dhungana, Ram Prasad Abstract: Physico-chemical parameters and bacteriological characteristics of water were studied in sample collected from Sundarijal reservoir in January 2018. The present sanitary condition and human activities near the water bodies were also observed. It has been found that the physico-chemical characters were within the standard of World Health Organization (WHO) and National Drinking Water Quality Standards (NDWQS) for drinking water though the public awareness and proper management of watershed and reservoir premises were lacking. However, the coliform bacteria were high and water was not safe to consume without intense treatments with disinfectants. 2019-04-01T00:00:00Z https://elibrary.khec.edu.np/handle/123456789/170 Title: MAPPING HEALTH OPPORTUNITY: A CASE STUDY OF DORTMUND, GERMANY Authors: Bajracharya, Sushma Abstract: Health being one of the most important aspects of life, people are much concerned about their health. Because people value their health, today cities are planned considering the health and environment for providing good quality of life. Many studies have shown different effects in health due to interaction with environment. As socioeconomic, environmental and cultural conditions may vary from place to place, people living in different areasin the cities can have different health outcomes. Also, people's perception ofsuch neighbourhood conditions can vary which can influence their health. There can be different resources in and around the neighbourhood that provide opportunity for its people to perform different health-benefitting activities. Such physical features can be termed as health-related resources or in other words health opportunities. This study was conducted in two different type of neighbourhoods in Dortmund, Nordstadt being deprived and Kreuzviertel being affluent. To know which locations people, consider as good or bad for their health, participants who agreed to take part in questionnaire survey were directly asked to point out the places they use and avoid for health-related activities. This study found out different types of health opportunities identified by respondents in Nordstadt and Kreuzviertel. Respondents from Nordstadt mentioned health opportunities inside and outside their neighbourhood whereas in Kreuzviertel health opportunities were pointed outside the neighbourhood. The information about people's perception on local neighbourhood can be taken as useful insights for planners and decision-makers to plan development programs. The research provides an opportunity to formulate policies that address main problems acting as barriers so that people can get maximum benefits from health opportunities. To find out detailed explanations for differences between actual and perceived environmental situation, more in-depth research is needed. 2019-04-01T00:00:00Z https://elibrary.khec.edu.np/handle/123456789/169 Title: LAND READJUSTMENT FOR REGULARIZATION OF INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS Authors: Manandhar, Robina Abstract: Regularization of informal settlements involves the process of legalization of tenure and upgrading of public services and infrastructures through land development. However, some settlement manages to get the services from formal authorities but lags legal tenure security. Legalization of tenure security is important so as to reduce their threat of eviction from formal authorities and improvement of their living standard. Various land development tools involves upgrading of public services and development of infrastructures but legalization of tenure security is left behind. Land development and legalization of tenure security both are the important components for regularization of informal settlements and recognize as formal settlements. Land readjustment is the tool or technique commonly used for the land development in Nepal. Thus this paper aims to indentify the applicability of land readjustment in regularization of informal settlement. In Nepal, there are prominent numbers of informal settlements along the river banks and also in urban core areas. Chadani tole along the Bagmati River is taken as a case study and analysis of applicability of land readjustment under the social and legal condition for regularization is carried out. This research has adopted both desk research and case study methodology. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis is adopted in this study. The results of research reveal that public participation and long term occupancy are the social positive aspects for the application of LR in informal settlements. Lack of land registration, legal recognition and development regulations are the legal hurdles for the application of LR in informal settlements. Land registration of informal settlement has not been done in Nepal which is important aspect for application of LR. Thus land registration of Nepal should include the components of STDM for the pro poor land registration and recognition of social tenure to informal settlements. Applicability of LR is difficult due to the lack of sufficient area. So to address the issue and ascertain the rights of dwellers to live in the same area, high rise apartments can be adopted. 2019-04-01T00:00:00Z